Did nuclear weapons bring the world to the edge of war or did they help ensure peace

Nuclear weapons are among the weapons of mass destruction, which were first detonated in1945 during the Second World War. Primarily, the United States of America is the only nation that has used nuclear weapons in wars, having detonated two atomic bombs in two Japanese cities, Hiroshima and Nagasaki, on 6th and 9th August 1945 respectively.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Did nuclear weapons bring the world to the edge of war or did they help ensure peace? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The destruction of these two acts was immense and the effects of the same can still be felt to date. In the recent past, the possession and production of nuclear weapons has brought much tension in the world. From the time of these two bombings, nuclear weapons are closely monitored and supervised. This paper will discuss whether nuclear weapons brought the world to edge of war, as well as their role in ensuring peace. The natio ns that have acknowledged that they possess nuclear weapons are United States of America, China, North Korea, France, Russia, United Kingdom, Pakistan, and India. Israel is suspected to possess this ammunition but has not acknowledged or denied the claim. However, the numbers of nations yearning to have nuclear power for either military or economic are many. Due to this, nations that already possess these weapons use this as a bargaining point, however, there are restrictions on who can produce or buy these weapons. Moreover, governments believe that nuclear weapons advance their national security, provide insurance against future risks and uncertainties (Paone, 2009). Other reasons why a country may want to acquire nuclear powers are if one of its aggressors owns these weapons, to advance its international standings, running of economy through nuclear energy. International relations are soaring since the invention of nuclear weapons. It is clear that with increase of nuclear, there is high risk of a nuclear war (Karp and Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, 1992); indeed, nuclear weapons have brought the world to the verge of war. The ability of a nation to destroy another population and environment with these weapons launched from far has increased the risk of military conflict. In addition, the risk of nuclear terrorism is real, in the wake of increased terror attacks in the world. Although up until now terrorists have not used nuclear weapons in their attacks, there is a fear that, terrorist could access and use these weapons.Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the event that terror groups cannot access nuclear weapons, they can choose to attack nuclear power plants, leading to catastrophic situations. Nuclear weapons are beyond reach by small terror groups; however, in the era where some states are exporting terror, these states c an facilitate terror organization to obtain nuclear weapons. Even with restrictions and regulation on states intending to acquire nuclear weapon, some states have been able to obtain weapons of mass destruction illegally. With technological advancement, terrorists would not face any hitches in manufacture of nuclear weapons. In addition, some irresponsible states could possibly sell nuclear weapons to terror groups in the black market. The other risk is unstable and poorly governed nations acquiring nuclear weapons and using them irresponsibly against its people or other nations. Nuclear weapons have not ensured peace since there is fear and uncertainty of what could happen next. It is likely that one nation will use their weapons offensively. In addition, there is also the risk of accidents in the nuclear plants; nations in the nuclear club are able to interfere with lesser nations affairs because of their military strength, a case in example being the invasion of Iraq by United St ates. Lesser countries are made to feel like subjects to the larger nations because of their military powers. This has led superpower nations to meddle with smaller nations’ affairs, as they are defenseless. One of the major reasons why Iraq was invaded and occupied by the foreign forces was suspicion that Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass destruction; thus, the more superior nations joined and set to destroy and disarm him. It was largely believed that Saddam had large amounts of chemical and biological weapons; however, it is still not clear whether Saddam possessed or intended to reopen nuclear plants. This conflict has caused other wars and terrorism acts, given that some nations cannot trust others handling nuclear warheads. A report indicates that Mr. Hussein had ambitions of building a science hub and weapons of mass destruction but his capacity had gone down since 1991 (Holdstock and Barnaby, 2003). Due to this invasion, some people became radicalized and continued t o wage wars against other people and nations. One case study is the bombing of the twin tower in the United States of America. These acts of terror can directly be traced and linked to nuclear weapons; indeed, â€Å"the acts of terror have come in to being neither by accidents nor by deliberate international arrangement; it has resulted from a combination of both political tension and technological advancement of weaponry† (Edwards, 1986, p. 14)Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Did nuclear weapons bring the world to the edge of war or did they help ensure peace? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More India and Pakistan conflicts could escalate to nuclear war. These two neighboring states have had conflicts since decolonization, as they both claim a disputed territory among other issues. India acquired nuclear warheads and hence Pakistan with the aid China. The acquisition of nuclear weapons by both countries con tinues to raise fear that their conflict could escalate to nuclear conflict. Indeed, since India and Pakistan acquired nuclear weapons, the level of conflict has considerately risen. There is animosity among nations in the nuclear club and the rest, whereby the nations in the nuclear club use their authority to cartel the hopes of other nations of acquiring nuclear energy. The hostility has grown to a level that these nations can wedge or sponsor terror attacks to nuclear states. In addition, religious states as Islamic could use force in their crusades in attempt to convert people into their religion. The errant nations who defile orders and continue to produce their own weapons are dealt with militarily as was the case with Iraq and its leader Saddam Hussein. Other nations like North Korea and Iran receive a lot of condemnation and the United States of America has been requesting these nations to stop the proliferation of nuclear weapons in their territories (Holdstock and Barnaby , 2003). The nuclear club wants to reserve all the rights to them; however, members of the club can go an extra mile to protect their ‘privileges’ even if it means warfare. Moreover, the reasons that they give why some nations should not have weapons of mass destruction are instability and poor governance. There have been treaties signed by nations with nuclear arsenals to either reduce, or stop the production. However, there are nations who are not complying, hence leading to tensions among members of the nuclear club. The result of this is the likelihood of eruption of war due to some disgruntled nations (Holdstock and Barnaby, 2003, p. 54). Another conflict being fueled by nuclear weapons is Israel and Middle East conflict. Israel does not confirm or denies its possession of nuclear weapons; it has been difficult to settle its conflict with nations in the Middle East. Since Israel owns weapons of mass destruction and hence more superior to its enemies, it has always been provoking and defying fire agreements. In the past, Israel has used un-proportional fire in short war encounters. Moreover, Israel may in the future use its chemical or biological weapons of mass destruction. Protesting against this, Iran has been condemning and requesting the UN to warn Israel against its proliferation of nuclear weapons. Indeed, Israel’s nuclear arsenals have just led to an increase of conflicts with its enemies, who are also likely to seek for nuclear weapons for offensive purposes (Karsh, 2000).Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the quest for knowing what nations in the nuclear club are developing, nations have resulted in spying, leaving the world on the edge of a war. For instance, the US is suspected to have spies in Iran, Iraq and china, while the Russians are also engaged in this vice. In an effort of deterring nations from obtaining nuclear weapons, nations are arresting scientists believed or linked to aiding in the proliferation of nuclear arsenals; for instance, in a recent case, the US abducted a nuclear scientist from Iran causing tension between the two nations. According to Anon (1982), â€Å"the existence of nuclear weapons, nuclear deterrence has been the most important mechanism in keeping the world in peace for the last 40 years.† Peace is described as absence of war; and in this case, since the fall of the Soviet Union, the world has not gone into a large war except local conflicts after 1945 especially in Africa and Asia though none of these has escalated to the use of nuclear w eapons. Nuclear weapons have led to sustainable peace in the world since 1945. There is control and monitoring of nations with these weapons hence avoiding a state of war. Nuclear weapons have also deterred aggressor nation from provoking others in fear of attack. There is a notion that nuclear weapons prevent armed conflicts due to undesired risks that pose to both parties. On the other hand, the existence of nuclear deterrence has promoted peace in the world. Nuclear deterrence is the refraining of an enemy from using nuclear weapons since he could be destroyed as a consequence. For instance, if two nations choose to engage in nuclear conflict the consequences could be mutual destruction. Governments and leaders are less likely to engage or provoke nations with nuclear weapons, while nations who have strong friends in the nuclear club are respected. Thus, peace has prevailed in the world due to fear. Nevertheless, the bottom line of peace is that nations in the nuclear club could support and defend their weaker allies if need be. Before the invention of nuclear arsenals, warfare was used by governments as a means of achieving political mileage but not any longer. The nation in the nuclear club relationship is based on mistrust; there are always speculations that other nations are advancing technologically more than the other is, reducing the tendency of aggravation of each other. Having witnessed the massive destruction that nuclear weapons caused during the 1945 bombing, fewer nations are willing to engage in wars that could lead to nuclear war. After the use of these weapons, a body was formed that controls the affairs of the world, with the United Nations being a peace organization. It was formed during the Second World War, came into being officially in October 1945, with the main duties being to maintain international peace, security, and to develop friendly relations among nations Since many sovereign nations are signatories to the UN, they are limited or governed and deterred from engaging in wars. The UN has promoted the peace to some level as it creates a platform for dialogue for countries with disputes. In extreme cases, the UN also intervenes in areas where there is conflict through it peacekeeping programmes to stop the conflict from escalating. Since the UN is a neutral party, it has helped in solving and stopping many wars as well as advocating for non-proliferation of nuclear warheads. Moreover, the UN has its special forces that work alongside other military to maintain peace. In conclusion, nuclear weapons have helped to ensure peace in the world given that the world has not suffered a major war since the first use of nuclear weapons. Nuclear deterrence is one of the ways nuclear weapons have aided to guarantee peace. Many leaders and governments are not quick to engage in warfare; indeed, the possession of these weapons by government provides national security of their nations and those of their allies. The understan ding of the destruction caused by nuclear weapons has promoted peace. These weapons usually cause immense destruction and can affect the mutual parties. However, it is still not clear whether the balance of terror can continue to sustain the peace prevailing presently. Due to the events leading to first use of nuclear weapon, a peace organization was formed, the UN, a body that has been instrumental in ensuring peace in the world. In addition, the body has played a major role in deterring the use of nuclear weapons. Nevertheless, this body has some limitation, since it is funded by the super powers, who are also permanent members of the Security Council, hence the UN sometimes cannot have a great influence over them. A case in mind is the invasion of Iraq. On the other hand, weapons of mass destruction have brought the world to the edge of war. The nations with these weapons boast of superior military strength, and due to this, they can meddle and provoke other smaller nations. In t he attempt of controlling of perforation of weapons of mass destruction, smaller nations have been invaded. There is always spying of other nations to check what they are doing. Acts of terror in the world are largely linked to nuclear weapons and the way members of the nuclear weapon club treat their nations. Even in the nuclear club, there is mistrust among members, as they are trying to outdo one another with development of new weapons. However, due to the catastrophic consequence of chemical and biological weapons, the world should consider unilateral nuclear weapons disarments programmes. Moreover, the reduction of amount of weapons in the world could certainly reduce risks and tensions in the world. Reference List Anon.1982. The Economist, Volume 284, Issues 7244-7256. London: Charles Reynell Publisher. Edwards, J. C., 1986. Nuclear weapons, the balance of terror, the quest for peace. Surrey: Sunny press. Holdstock, D and Barnaby, F., 2003. The British nuclear weapons programm e, 1952-2002. London: Routledge. Karp, R. C. and Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. 1992. Security without nuclear weapons? Different perspectives on non-nuclear security. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Karsh, E., 2000. Israel: From war to peace? London: Routledge. Paone, R. M., 2001. Evolving New World order/disorder: China-Russia-United States-NATO. Oxford: University Press of America. Segell, G., 2005. Axis of evil and rogue states: the Bush administration. London: Glenn Segell publishers. This essay on Did nuclear weapons bring the world to the edge of war or did they help ensure peace? was written and submitted by user Orion N. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Challenges in the External Environment of Starbucks Essay Example

Challenges in the External Environment of Starbucks Essay Example Challenges in the External Environment of Starbucks Paper Challenges in the External Environment of Starbucks Paper An example of this is that in the market that Cataracts operates in, there are many substitutes which can entice consumers into other businesses. As mentioned before, with the introduction of coffee machines and instant coffee, consumers can quickly make coffee rather than go out of their way to find a Cataracts. Furthermore, using the UK as an example, rival businesses offer an easy substitute. With other similar businesses like Costa, offering products at a similar quality and price it is easy for Cataracts to lose customers, but also gain them at the same time. This can be of strategic importance to Cataracts, as a reconsideration of choice if something goes wrong can influence a customer to move to a rival. Being a fairly easy market to penetrate, Porters Five Forces also suggest that Cataracts could face challenges in its business environment. Using technology that isnt patented just to the Cataracts franchise means that if a new business was to penetrate the market it would be easy to produce an almost identical product to that of theirs. With the right financial background and a good pricing strategy, Cataracts could face rivalry from a new competitive opponent. So, because once a new firm has successfully entered the market it can easily gain access to the same technology and produce similar products, possibly the only thing protecting Cataracts is its image and already established name thus showing a challenge that is of current strategic importance. As previously stated, Cataracts has high competition in its market. Due to this great level of competition, price wars are commonly in place having to match their rivals. This can be seen as a challenge in Cataracts business environment as it could hen in turn drive down profits and profit margins as they try to increase, or as a minimum, maintain their share of the market. Although it could be easy for a new business to enter the market, because Cataracts has such a high market share they would be almost exempt from any threat. Having already built a reputable corporate image and with vast experience in the market, it would be extremely hard for a new entrant to straight away offer much competition. If the market is dominated by a small amount of fairly large suppliers rather than numerous fragmented sources, a suppliers bargaining rower is more than likely going to be high. However, even though suppliers do have power it is often capped to a certain level. Using Cataracts as the example, with such a renowned name and an increasing productivity it means that the coffee beans need Cataracts as well. Additionally, because Cataracts has a range of suppliers of coffee beans coming from South America, Asia and Eastern Africa it means that even if one supplier was to pull out for a reason they could still resort to the other suppliers. This doesnt go to say however, that because Cataracts has a range of suppliers that they can underestimate the power that they to control and limit the amount of coffee beans exported. Due to this reasoning, the bargaining power of the suppliers can and always will be a challenge in Cataracts business environment, and is of current strategic importance. The bargaining power of buyers also ought to be considered when looking at the relation between Porters Five Forces and the business environment along with the market Cataracts operates in. The buyers or consumers, at the end of the day are the key things that keep a business running. In this market it has already been demonstrated that the errs do have the power in theory- according to the five forces proposed by Porter- to control the price of the products. The point that the products arent entirely differentiated, buyers cost of switching to a competitors product is low, the shopping cost is low and buyers are price sensitive means that the buyers seem to have lots of power. In reference to the differentiation segment in Igor Nations matrix (a new product, entering a new market) it doesnt seem as if Cataracts products differ from that of its competitors. This perhaps gives the buyers power to switch over to a competitor offering animal products, because the cost of switching to the alternative is of low cost, and the buyers are price sensitive so will take up the opportunity to do so. This suggests that buyers have power in the market, and because they keep the business running it is of strategic importance for Cataracts to look at this potential problem in their business environment. One of Cataracts many strengths is their established brand name. Because they have such a reputable name, it means that perhaps new consumers may go straight to them rather than competitors when Cataracts decide to expand into a new egging or country. This in turn, means that Cataracts could afford to spend less on advertising when expanding because the recognition by the customers is more likely to already be there. Another strength that Cataracts possesses is the use of high technology in the stores. Using it as an attempt to generate a larger customer base, Cataracts have installed high speed internet in a vast majority of its stores. This makes It ideal for business men, amongst others to gain access to the internet in a relaxed environment, encouraging them to stay longer and perhaps buy more from Cataracts. The use of pre aid cards and an online store, selling coffee machines, tea bags and ground coffee beans is another example of technology used by Cataracts. This is a strength as, even if a customer doesnt shop in store they can buy from online. Another possible strength portrayed by Cataracts is a range of high quality products. An ever increasing range of hot beverages and foods means shows innovation within Cataracts, which is vital in keeping customers hooked. Cataracts also faces a few weaknesses as well, including the high prices it sets on its products. With rivalry businesses in abundance and a high rice due to a rising cost of production, when buying fair trade coffee beans the increase Of price may have a direct effect on the pricing strategy. This could then lead to falling sales and loyalty of the customers. Other weaknesses may include an almost, self-cannibalistic like effect on itself. Due to shops being located within a short distance of each other in major cities Cataracts can be seen to have taken customers from itself in the past. But surely as long as Cataracts are getting the customers, it shouldnt matter should it? Well, because the stores are in abundance and short distance of ACH other, it means some stores wont perform as well as others. The cost of running the stores that arent as high performing as the others is very high, and means that Cataracts may need to reconsider their marketing mix. Possible opportunities that could come from the strengths could be that, it would be easier for Cataracts to expand abroad without facing as many discomposes of scale because of their reputable name in the market. It can be argued however, using China as an example that social problems may overcome the brand name when trying to expand highlighting a problem Cataracts could encounter making it of strategic importance. Another opportunity could be the expansion into retail operations, by selling coffee machines, beans and tea online to customers furthermore expanding their market. This could increase the financial status after diversification. Having looked into, and evaluated the challenges in Cataracts business environment there are possible solutions that could solve them. In regards to the ageing population, Cataracts could possibly create an environment in its stores that cater for more than one age group. This could be reached by possibly putting suggestion boxes in all stores, so they know what to look for. The social problem faced when expanding could possibly be solved according to Porters diamond (M. Porter, The Competitive Advantage of Nations, 1990). Because the product is of higher demand in the home country of the firm, it should probably choose where it expands very carefully and pull out to achieve success. With the economic problem of a low disposable income faced by customers and an increase of rivals due to an increase in technology, Nations matrix would suggest that Cataracts diversifies to fight Off the rivalry. Cataracts were to perhaps enter a new market customers could be willing to Penn money on their goods. To solve the environmental challenges when importing coffee beans, the SOOT analysis would suggest to keep good relations with the suppliers and if possible, increase the spread of where they are sourced. This would then lower the threat of decreased materials is bad harvests are reported. To counter act the problem of rivalry in the market, Nations matrix again would suggest diversifying to enable Cataracts to offer something different capturing the attention of the customers. In order to solve the weaknesses and threats of the business, most frameworks offer the same solution. This would be to concentrate on the marketing mix and the way the company is internally run (structure) this would enable the business to see when and when not to expand. The best solutions for the company for the challenge of the ageing population would probably be conduct research, both primary and secondary to enable them to see how they can cater for different age brackets. This would be suffice as it is getting information from the customers themselves, and should help Struck to excel. In regards to the social problems, maybe Cataracts should reconsider their pricing strategy within different areas to keep the customers happy. With such large populations, these kinds of markets do offer potential if the pricing strategy is right and if Cataracts can correctly grasp the culture. Diversification would be the answer to solve the economic, technological and competition challenges. The offer of different products, such as coffee machines and buying online could help Cataracts to enter a new market, increasing the chance to pull away from competitors and solving the economic problems. With environmental challenges it is vital that Cataracts should keep good relations with, and a variety of suppliers. To conclude, although Cataracts is an international business, the research shows that even these huge businesses do face challenges. With the solutions mentioned above, Cataracts should be able to succeed in getting rid of the challenges. Primary and secondary research methods are both a good way of determining what is needed to be done in order to please the customers. As Cataracts would receive first hand opinions, then maybe they could perhaps work on the problems and satisfy the customers. This would need to be done because the buyers in this certain market have a lot of power and determine the productivity and success of a rim. When expanding, the pricing strategy is very important as economies differ in different countries as demonstrated in China. With careful reconsideration of the culture and price, countries like China could prove to be wise investments. When looking at the problems encountered in the competition, technology and economy diversification although risky at times is the answer. It allows the firm to expand into a new market, increasing the chances of enabling them to decrease the level of which competition faced by rivalry firms. Because coffee beans play such a vital role in how Cataracts reforms, it is key that they keep a good relationship with their suppliers in case any environmental problems were to occur and they got cut off.

The correlation between race and child obesity Research Paper

The correlation between race and child obesity - Research Paper Example Many researches have been carried out to understand the reason behind the increase in prevalence of obesity among children. The aim of this paper is to compare two articles discussing the research about the role of racial background in the development of obesity among children. The validity of the information in an article depends not only on the credentials of the author but also on the efforts taken by the author to reach the depth of the topic discussed. The two articles that are included in the study are: 1) â€Å"Racial and Ethnic Differentials in Overweight and Obesity Among 3-Year-Old Children† by Kimbro, Brooks-Gunn and McLanahan and, 2) â€Å"UCSF study finds racial gaps in child obesity† by Allday. The analysis of the articles â€Å"Racial and Ethnic Differentials in Overweight and Obesity Among 3-Year-Old Children† (by Kimbro, Brooks-Gunn and McLanahan) and â€Å"UCSF study finds racial gaps in child obesity† (by Allday), revealed that the racia l background is one of he major factors of development of obesity in a child as parents from different racial background harbor different beliefs about obesity and this influences the weight of a child. â€Å"Racial and Ethnic Differentials in Overweight and Obesity Among 3-Year-Old Children† by Kimbro, Brooks-Gunn and McLanahan, is an excellent article which provides an in depth information about the effect of racial background on the development of obesity in children. The authors of the article are qualified and have experience in the field of health science. The authors, Kimbro, Brooks-Gunn and McLanahan, are working with University of Wisconsin, Columbia University and Princeton University, respectively. Their experience has helped them to reach the depth of the topic by studying different aspects of children’s life which could affect the development of obesity in them. The study discussed in the article is comprehensive and is based on

Reaction Paper Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reaction Paper - Assignment Example In this paper, I will focus on the long-term maintenance and management of persons who are addicted to Opioid drugs. Methadone is recently been used as a treatment for persons suffering from opiate addiction. However, its reception in the country and internationally has not been positive, in the sense that, it has brought many controversies. Conversely, in my opinion methadone has been a great boost for persons addicted to opiate drugs, as well as, heroin. This is because it blocks the euphoric and numbing effects of opiates. Secondly, cravings for opiates are relived, which has been stated to be a major factor for relapse. Besides, from reducing cravings, it has helped in reliving symptoms associated with withdrawal from opiates. The fact that methadone does not cause any intoxication or euphoria in the body causing a person to work effectively is the major reason methadone is the appropriate maintenance treatment. Therefore, the use of methadone as a long-term drug for drug addiction maintenance is effective. Because according to the research conducted by Proctor et al. (2014), it is clear that the advantages of methadone over buprenorphine were many. In the research conducted by Akhondzadeh et al (2014), the research indicated that the use of self-help group was most preferred because of the higher agreeableness, as well as, lower neuroticism that were seen in people who attended NA meetings. Although the use of methadone is, a good approach of dealing with people who are opiate addicts in this time and age people are too busy to find time to attend NA meetings. Additionally, it was established that people who attend NA meetings had a lower level of education and come from poor backgrounds than those who used methadone as a form of maintenance for drug addiction (Matesa, 2011). For that reason, it is clear that although there are different methods of drug maintenance they

The Guernica Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Guernica - Essay Example It projects a heavy emotion through its dismal, grim nature. The Guernica also shows the morphing of humans and animals - a clear opinion from the artist of how war creates a situation where humans and animals seem to be alike. The Guernica depicts a mood that is most likely to be associated with a house of horrors, full of distorted, morphed characters carrying a heavy, dark mood full of gloom and grim. Picasso's opinion of wars is clearly expressed through the Guernica. The complexity of its content makes it a unique work of art. Thus, I have always believed that a work of art is a reflection of how the artist sees the world. It is the artist's expression of the circumstances that occur around him. It is the artist's creation of something that holds underlying symbolisms and mysteries within it, that each person has their own view and opinions towards it. In my point of view, it is the Guernica that best represents a work of art. Its uniqueness is brought about by the unconventional style of depicting characters, and its symbolism cannot be interpreted in a single angle. It gives room for everyone to have their own interpretations and ideas formed - a true mark of a work of art. For me, that is what is considered to be a work of art; and the Guernica is absolutely one of its kind.

Impact Of Immigration On Australian In Socioeconomic Context Economics Essay

Impact Of Immigration On Australian In Socioeconomic Context Economics Essay This essay will explain the economic, environmental and social impact of immigration on Australia and its role in the future prospects of the country. Studying the country for the group report and presentation we came across how important are the skilled immigrants as an addition to the labour force of Australia. Immigration is an interesting issue as it touches many areas of public life: economics, demographics and even religion. According to OECD around 3% of the people in the globe are migrants. Each country and even regions in a specific country experience migration differently. Therefore this essay with the use of PESTLE analysis to scan the political-legal, economic and environmental impact and Hofstede Cultural dimensions to explain social attributes, will be a focused research on immigration and its effect on the people and the country. The first part gives an inside of the history of migration and the early policies adopted by the country. Part 2 goes on to illustrate the trends over time concerning the migration policies and laws. Part 3 and 4 deal with the environmental and economic impact of immigration respectively. Finally, the social attitude and how are immigrants treated in todays society will be considered. Background Australia being a British colony and closely connected with the Empire, concentrated its early migration policies before World War II in keeping the country white accepting into the country only British and Europeans. However, after World War II migration was high in the agenda of politicians with policies being set in accordance with the needs of the country: allow more non-European skilled immigrants to cover the shortage of labour and expand the manufacturing industry. Their slogan was populate or perish and a large wave of immigrants was accepted in the country. The White Australia Policy was abolished in 1973 and regardless of origin; anyone could become a citizen of Australia being a permanent resident for three years or more. The years to follow will see the policies and laws towards migrants becoming more structured and focused. Significant changes took place aided by globalisation and the easier movement of people. Indeed globalisation and the fact that national events have international effects is one of the drivers of migration. Immigration policies We will analyse the Political and Legal parts (political support and initiative, legislation changes) of PESTLE to evaluate the immigration policies adopted by the governments. The permanent entry and conditions are established by the Australian Government whereas the Department of Immigration and Citizenship is responsible to issue visas under various programs. The size of permanent migration program increased substantially and this is mainly the aftermath of the growing focus on skilled workers. The Skill Stream accounts for 64% of the total Migration Program followed by the Family Stream which accounts for 35.7% and finally the Special Eligibility with 0.3%. In 2008 it was announced by the government that the skilled migration will be more demand driven and therefore more responsive to changes in the demand for labour and the needs of the economy. This was to assist industries facing skill shortages mostly in health and engineering sector. As with demand-driven operating models and especially pull models that support the use of resources as soon as the need arises, the Migration Program adapts policies to respond to the countrys needs. Australia had a brain drain problem for many years with highly skilled workers and professional leaving the country. It can be argued that that is one of the reasons why the Migration Program is so keen in accepting in the country skilled labour. Actually, legislation changes are made to accommodate the new immigrants, for example the removal of fees for English courses. However, concentrating more on the skilled immigrants might be seen as unfair by other categories of migrants as the recent riots have showed at Villawood a detention camp in Sydney. Detainees complained of lengthy waits to have their asylum claims heard. It is argued that those of a genuine need of government protection are not treated as it should. As a matter of fact, Immigration Minister Chris Bowen proposed a new law where any asylum seeker found guilty of an offence would fail to receive a permanent visa. In terms of return to the country, though, and especially the economy, skilled labour contributes more. The number of refugees arriving by boat increased substantially and even though the government tries to accommodate them all this is impossible. Impact of immigration on the environment Moving on to the Environment from PESTLE we will consider the level of pollution and attitudes from the government. Most of Australias geographical area is uninhabited with people concentrated in a small number of specific parts of the country and cities. Australia has one of the lowest population densities of all countries with only 2.92 people per square kilometre. Even though it may seem that Australia land area of 7.7 million square kilometres could support a larger population, this is impossible due to the fact that deserts occupy almost 38% of the country mainly in the centre and western part. The situation worsened with the recent severe floods in the many states. In Queensland alone 200,000 were affected and a mass evacuation took place. Therefore it is obvious that population increases are important to Australia since 75% of the population lives in urban areas with cities like the Australian Capital Territory having the highest population density at 152.5 people per square kilometre. A research of the Australian Bureau of Statistics (2010) showed that 54% of the population increase is due to immigrants. The Optimum Population Trust argues that to sustain the current standard of leaving the optimum population of Australia is 10 million people and 21 million at the lowest possible living standard. The current figure of population 22.5 million people and the projected figure of 36 million in 2050 are high above the optimum set by the organisation. However, it can be argued that natural resources like oil could sustain population pressures if the people, the government and major companies invest in substitutes and new technologies. As far as global warming and greenhouse gas emission are concern Australia is one of the largest polluter of the world with the CO2 emission reaching the outstanding figure of per capita. This and other environmental externalities like congestion may have a deteriorating effect on the living standards of Australians. Environmental deterioration due to increased migration must be weighed against economic impacts when considering the future of the country. Impact of immigration on the economy The Economy from PESTLE analysis seems to be the strongest card of the country. The economic performance of Australia has been remarkable since the economic crisis. This part will concentrate particularly on the impact the skilled immigrants have on the economy of Australia. Overall, larger population means more labour translating in higher gross domestic product and income. However, how this increase is spread across the population and the impact on living standards are not clear given the aggregate measures of GDP and GNI. If we consider GDP and GNI per capita then these are affected by the productivity of the workers and the participation rate. Skilled immigrants affect the supply composition of labour. It is projected in the Commission paper of 2006 that by 2024-2025 and with a modelled 50% increase in the skilled migrants working age share will fall by 0.17% and participation rates will increase by 0.73% due to the cumulative effect of migration. The unemployment rate will increase with the years of residency with the cumulative effect of decreasing unemployment rates of new arrivals early in the period begins to outweigh the higher unemployment rates of new arrivals late in the period, and overall the unemployment rate decreases by 0.03% and hours per worker will rise by 0.05 per week. As expected real gross domestic product was projected to be around 4 per cent higher than otherwise. The annual average income per capita was projected to be $383 higher but not equally distributed. Migrants are expected to benefit more from the increase in average income since the incumbent populations average real wages declined by $334, but income from other sources raised, especially from government transfers due to higher indirect tax revenue, $103 per annum respectively. A higher income per capita means that people will spend more leading to increased tax revenue for the government. The impact of increased skilled labour must by also be considered in the context of different industries and regions. For example in the Western Australia the most important sectors are mining and agriculture which are capital intensive affected mostly by changes in capital stocks rather than labour composition. The immigration increases can address the costs and time associated with the training of domestic labour. However, it may substitute domestic income and discourage the human capital investment of the country. The answer is to make the skilled migrants a compliment to domestic labour rather than a substitute. Peoples attitude towards immigration In order to analyse the social attributes towards immigration the Hofstede Cultural Dimensions will be used in this section. Overall, globalisation made people of Australia today more acceptable of foreigners settling in their country and they are open to the idea of a multicultural society. However, it is evident from the early migration policies discussed on previous section that the government had a discriminating approach towards non-British migrants especially those settlers coming from Asia, in an attempt to perceive the national identity. Many have argued that this attitude was a product of fear that as the British had colonised and decimated the aborigines so will a stronger nation do to them. With globalisation, people began to realise that foreigners settling in their country will be a reality for their everyday life. Ethnic communities were formed and foreigners took part in elections as government officials and academics. In the year 2010 the foreign-born population in Australia was 26.4% of the total population compared to the 3.1% of the world average. In a recent survey carried out by the University of Western Sidney 86.6% of the people asked agreed that It is a good thing for a society to be made up of people from different cultures. Nevertheless 80.1% answer for themselves that they are no prejudiced against other cultures but in the question Is there a racial prejudice in Australia 84.4% agreed. According to Hofstedes Cultural Dimensions Australia has the second highest level of individuality of 90 coming behind the United States ranking of 91. Individualism describes the relationships of people and the way the live together. People therefore are expected to take care of only themselves and immediate family maybe that is why Australians may still be suspicious of foreigners. In addition earnings are very important therefore they might feel a threat from the skilled migrants. Critical reflection This essay tried to tackle a very complex and significant issue of Australia. Maybe the analysis would have been more concise if it was concentrated in fewer areas that are affected by immigration. Most of the sources used are from the governments websites but in some parts critics were also evaluated. In addition the presence of International Business Models is not sufficient and more examples of models could have been used. Difficulties were faced in the research when trying to find the most recent statistical data. More independent sources could have been use and more coherent arguments. The results are inconclusive and a more detailed research must be carried out to better assess the question of what is the impact of immigration on Australia. The issue of migration must be set in a wider context taking under consideration a greater number of factors and drivers for example consider also the role of emigration.

Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart - The Clans Beliefs and Christian Beliefs :: Things Fall Apart essays

Things Fall apart - The Clan's Beliefs and Christian Beliefs There are many differences between the Clan's beliefs and Christian's beliefs. This is illustrated on pages 126-129, in the mention of `the one true god.' Both the tribe and the Missionaries have different perceptions on who this one true god is. The clan has trouble understanding the Christian beliefs as they have lived a tribal existence for so long. They have only ever been aware of their own culture, which makes it hard for them to adjust to the ways of the Christians. On arrival, the missionaries barely understand the tribe. They have very little knowledge of the cultural beliefs or rituals that the tribe revere. It seems inappropriate that they are willing to declare that the villagers' beliefs are false. "He told them that they worshipped false gods, gods of wood and stone." They don't even acknowledge that this too is a successful community, which works well under its method of religious law. They take it upon themselves to change the religion or `make it civilised', not respecting the fact that maybe the villagers were already content with what they had. The missionaries believe in one supreme god. This god is the 'creator of all the world and all the men and women who inhabit the Earth'. They believe that all men go for judgement before him when they die, and that all men who worship `false gods of wood and stone' would be thrown into a fire `that burned like palm oil.' If the lord saves their soul from sin they will have eternal life in heaven with god, who is also eternal. They bury the body of the deceased in the ground, but believe their soul goes up to heaven if they have accepted the lord in their heart. The missionaries believe that Christianity is the only right religion, why else would they be so intent on conversion and spreading the word of Jesus Christ? This creates conflict with the tribe, as the Clan are content with their way of life and do not wish to change. The Clan has a different perception when it comes to the gods.

Belonging Creative Writing Essay

Frame the story with similar characters/ setting/ symbol /comment at beginning and ending Use a limited time frame = sense of urgency (24 hours, one morning, a season, a term, an interview) exploding a moment – 15 minutes Use a single context or setting Explore no more than 2 main ideas re belonging Focus on moments and feelings Have a ‘twist’ at the end Show don’t tell (‘She smiles’ = belonging, without further comment() Use flash backs and flash forwards ie non-linear stories Objects as symbols (eg red hair, ragged appearance show exclusion) Challenge assumptions about belonging (a character responds to exclusion by engaging with situation) Challenge or play with stereotypes (lack of education does not mean lack of intelligence or ability) Use a comment by omniscient author (to reinforce or cast doubt on a character’s actions or attitudes) Multiple voices & perspectives, / points of view-Switch between characters w. opposing pov. Do not start every sentence with â€Å"I† if using 1st person narrative Distinctive voice – to maintain consistent language or idiom of  the character is essential Use sophisticated language – some 3 and 4 syllable words AND PLEASE: no ‘dying’ stories, designed to elicit sympathy! DO reflect and practise – Read short stories for ideas -PLAN, PLAN – your beginning and ending – FRAME IT LANGUAGE: For description of events, characters, places, give details and use: Sensual imagery -size, shape, texture Smell, touch, sound & vivid, sophisticated expression Avoid -Bland, overworked, clichà ©d vocabulary Mixing tenses in verbs (either present or past tense) s CREATIVE WRITING ON THE CONCEPT OF BELONGING Selecting a topic on belonging that deals imaginatively with identity, experience, relationships, acceptance, understanding links with people, community or the larger world writing imaginatively means writing in a way that is different to the everyday familiar images. but, avoid being philosophical. Show your ideas on isolation through events, actions of characters and dialogue. write about a topic with which you are most familiar but finding unusual and fresh ways to think about it and describe it. The first paragraph must engage the reader. Show – don’t tell. For example, it is better to describe a scene, something like, â€Å"I trembled with an expectation that the dark shadow in the moonlit window was inside the room† rather than to say â€Å"I was afraid†. Write metaphorically. For example, â€Å"A tiny green seed was planted in my mind and since green is the colour of fertility and growth, the idea sprouted and grew taller than the beanstalk.† Use Language features to create visual, auditory, tactile and olfactory imagery. Similes- The wind tore at her face, like an angry tiger. Strong verbs – tore, crashed, gurgled Metaphors – A tiny green seed was planted in my mind. adverbs and adjectives – briskly, gruffly Point of view – a perspective from which the story is told. A character in the story or, for example, a pair of ballet shoes use of first person â€Å"I† for the audience to become engaged use of third person, â€Å"he, she, they† for sustained story telling. Tense the present tense provides a strong sense of immediacy past tense works well for most stories a story set in the future is more difficult to achieve a story told in flashback, starting from the ending, looking back on choices that brought the character to this point – sometimes works well if it is brought back into the present with skill. Expression – use clear English with correct spelling and fluency of expression. Use the ‘s and contractions (I’m, don’t) correctly. Use a Thesaurus to broaden your range of vocabulary: Choose words that accurately describe a situation. For example a disaster – crash, panic, caution, explosion, destruction, crisis. Structure include dialogue – conversations between characters to develop the character, personality, motivation or attitude – only essential details should be included. punctuate direct speech correctly. For example, â€Å"The river moved,† she said, â€Å"I don’t recognise this place.† Always write on a new line when quoting direct speech. introduction – engaging and interesting, for example, begin with a single word or short phrase correct paragraphing – use a new paragraph for each new idea, change of place, time or focus. link paragraphs to each other vary sentence lengths to help change tone and add interest. conclusion should provide a resolution for all the problems or issues in the story which may be surprising or unpredictable Avoid boring introductions. clichà ©s – expressions that are familiar, repeated over and over and therefore lacking in freshness. For example â€Å"run of the mill†, â€Å"true blue Aussie†. unnecessary dialogue. being philosophical. Show your ideas on isolation through the events, actions of characters and dialog. CHECKLIST-Quality writing – aim to have your story stand out Opening – original / innovative Ideas – engaging, interesting, different, unusual Language techniques – similes, metaphors, adverbs, adjectives Structure – paragraphing, varied sentence lengths, range of punctuation Clear link / response to the question Conclusion – surprising / unpredictable PRACTICE WRITING TASK Using an event as a trigger for ensuing action, conversation, conflict. Task: Write a ONE PAGE narrative involving three people where character is revealed. The theme is belonging. The cup smashed. (This is your opening sentence.) 1. Continue this as a narrative. Imagine 3 characters: describe them. (Include, detail, adjectives, strong verbs and similes.) 2. Imagine a setting. Describe it. 3. Write the ensuing conversation. Complete the story showing subsequent events and choices made by the characters. (1,2 and 3 may be done in any order. ) 4. Provide a resolution of some sort, whether satisfactory or not for each character, perhaps unexpected. Do NOT use words to denote emotion or attitude such as angry, rude, annoying, bored. Instead – through their actions and words only, have the characters reveal their personalities, attitudes and values. Note the way these traits are revealed in the lines below (after the trigger event): Trigger event: A faint noise began rumbling high up in his bony throat beneath the pure white hairs of his old man’s beard. †¦ Nurse Truman squatted down beside the old man. Mrs McDonald glared at her like a kookaburra confronted with a black snake in its nest. Sister Carr folded her arms. Here, we see that one character is sympathetic, one angry and one does not wish to be involved. Yet, this is only implied or shown through body language and use of strong verbs, not stated outright.

An Overview of Economic Stagflation in the 1970s

An Overview of Economic Stagflation in the 1970s The term stagflation- an economic condition of both continuing inflation and stagnant business activity (i.e. recession), together with an increasing unemployment rate- described the new economic malaise in the 1970s pretty accurately. Stagflation in the 1970s Inflation seemed to feed on itself. People began to expect continued increases in the price of goods, so they bought more. This increased demand pushed up prices, leading to demands for higher wages, which pushed prices higher still in a continuing upward spiral. Labor contracts increasingly came to include automatic cost-of-living clauses, and the government began to peg some payments, such as those for Social Security, to the Consumer Price Index, the best-known gauge of inflation. While these practices helped workers and retirees cope with inflation, they perpetuated inflation. The governments ever-rising need for funds swelled the budget deficit and led to greater government borrowing, which in turn pushed up interest rates and increased costs for businesses and consumers even further. With energy costs and interest rates high, business investment languished and unemployment rose to uncomfortable levels. President Jimmy Carters Reaction In desperation, President Jimmy Carter (1977 to 1981) tried to combat economic weakness and unemployment by increasing government spending, and he established voluntary wage and price guidelines to control inflation. Both were largely unsuccessful. A perhaps more successful but less dramatic attack on inflation involved the deregulation of numerous industries, including airlines, trucking, and railroads. These industries had been tightly regulated, with the government controlling routes and fares. Support for deregulation continued beyond the Carter administration. In the 1980s, the government relaxed controls on bank interest rates and long-distance telephone service, and in the 1990s it moved to ease regulation of local telephone service. The War Against Inflation The most important element in the war against inflation was the Federal Reserve Board, which clamped down hard on the money supply beginning in 1979. By refusing to supply all the money an inflation-ravaged economy wanted, the Fed caused interest rates to rise. As a result, consumer spending and business borrowing slowed abruptly. The economy soon fell into a deep recession  rather than recovering from all aspects of the stagflation that had been present. Source This article is adapted from the book Outline of the U.S. Economy by Conte and Carr and has been adapted with permission from the U.S. Department of State.

Consumer Behavior Essay Example

Consumer Behavior Essay Example Consumer Behavior Paper Consumer Behavior Paper The manner in which a product is packaged influences customer choice to a large extent. Products which are glamorized and which are likely to catch the eye of the customer are likely to record higher sales than other products of the same nature which have dull packages. This is because most customers, especially first time buyers judge the product from its packaging and more often than not tend to think that beautiful packaging depicts a good product. A superior mind share is established whenever a customer looks at two competing products in a store. The final choice that the consumer makes could be largely influenced by the appeal, information on the package and branding. Packaging should therefore be considered as a very essential marketing strategy. Packaging increases sales and attracts new customers. Packaging design is now being used as a marketing tool and companies are turning to making more attractive packaging and reducing the advertisement costs. A package that is well designed and attractive will prompt new customers to try the companys product since as noted earlier; customers take the appearance of the package to be identical to the quality of the contents inside. Existing customers are retained because the packaging prevents them from going for a competitive product that looks more appealing. Packaging acts as an advertisement tool and a selling agent. It provides the company with the opportunity to advertise their product by writing about the benefits of the particular product on the packaging. The details of the product and the reason as to why it will satisfy the customers needs act as a silent marketer for the companys product. The customer can then make his or her decision easily. The package must however be as attractive as possible so that it may prompt the customers to pick it up and take a look at the products features. The customers curiosity can be aroused by the shape, the color, texture among others. These features will further serve to identify the product from among competing products. Packaging helps to distinguish a companys product from others in the same category. In other words, packaging serves the purpose of identifying the product. It is this package that makes the customer go straight to where the product is on the shelf and not pick any other product. This is the reason why companies should make unique packages that are not likely to be confused with other products and which can easily avoid counterfeits. Packaging protects the product and ensures that it is not affected by environmental hazards such as moisture, dust and smell. Customers would like to get clean products and therefore when the packaging is right, more customers will buy. Leaking or rusty containers and packages will not encourage repeat buying and customers may opt to buy a competitors products. Analysis of packaging i) Alton Brown Spice (Australia) Alton Brown is a spice brand that is likely to sell. This is because it takes into consideration the blind and the visually impaired by providing a braille translation of the writings on the package. This means that it will also appeal to this group of customers who are in most cases ignored. However, the package is a bit dull which may not attract persons with visual capability and hence they may go for other types of spice. ii) Silver Hills Bread (Canada) The Silver Hills bread displays bright and conspicuous colors that are likely to attract the customer from a far. The cartoon designs may particularly appeal to children who to a large extent influence the purchasing decisions that their parents make. The packages and the names are also unique such that customers can easily identify the brand. This package would increase sales for the Silver Hills bread. iii) Seventh Generation Automatic dish washing detergent (Australia) The Seventh Generation Automatic dish washing detergent is made with no fragrances and chlorine so that it is does not pollute air at home. The green leaf is supposedly used to depict that the detergent is safe for the environment. Normally though, one could mistake the green leaf to mean that the soap is made from herbal products or even mistake it for a herbicide from far. The detergent is likely to get low sales because the package is not very eye catching. Question 2 Chal from Bangladesh Chal is essentially a word used to refer to rice. Rice is produced in significant amounts in Bangladesh and it accounts for a large amount of income obtained by Bangladesh. Rice takes a central role in Bangladesh accounting for 18 percent of the Gross Domestic Product of the country and takes up 75 percent of the agricultural crops. Rice fields occupy 10 hectares of land and the main workers in the rice farms are villagers with considerably low incomes. Rice can be said to be affected by stereotypes both positively and negatively. For example, the population of Bangladesh is said to be very high. As a matter of fact, it is the 7th largest in the world with 147. 4 million citizens. This population promotes rice farming as it provides market and laborers. The 10 million hectares of rice paddles require extensive amounts of workers to maintain the rice until it is ready for use. Bangladesh is rich in culture and communities live in village oriented settings. This promotes co-operation such that more rice can be produced. The Bangladesh population relies on rice for their daily carbohydrate intake. This provides domestic market for the rice. Bangladesh is dominated by Muslims with Hindus following suite. One way in which this stereotype enhances the country is that Muslims often make use of rice dishes which provides market for the rice in Bangladesh. However, this leads to the next stereotype which maintains that Bangladesh is associated with terrorism, Muslim Jihad and the al-Qaeda. Political violence is also said to be high with cases of suicide bombings and murder being witnessed often. Some of the al-Qaeda are said to have fled to Bangladesh when the Taliban reign in Afghanistan fell. This discriminates against the country as some countries who highly oppose terrorism may not want to import rice from Bangladesh. It also gives a negative image to the country all which serves to spoil future market fro their product. Strategies to reduce negative effects For Bangladesh to reduce the negative effects caused by stereotypes, it must seek to establish that the image painted by these stereotypes may not be true. If by any chance they happen to be true, the idea would be to try and reduce their effect on the rice trade. Islamist parties are increasingly taking control of Bangladesh. These are the groups that are associated with terrorism and are said to be responsible for the constant attacks on politicians and bombings based on political violence. More banks and non-native Islamic charities are also getting into Bangladesh. These banks and charities are associated with Islamic movements and this has fuelled the Bangladesh stereotype that the country is a terrorist nation. Reducing or banning these banks and charities could help to reduce the discrimination being felt against Bangladesh. With a more positive image, trade is likely to improve Strategies to conserve positive effects One important thing that Bangladesh should embrace is the preservation of their culture and their co-operation. This would play a big role in ensuring that the country continues to gain from rice farming thus increase income. Preservation of culture and religion will ensure that the people of Bangladesh continue taking rice as their staple food and more so the Muslims. Care should however be taken to avoid backwardness that may result from completely ignoring other countries culture that may affect them. The population does not have to be increased even though it provides labor. This is because with increase in population, more poverty would be witnessed which would not be healthy for the country. Instead, Bangladesh should come up with more advanced technology to ease the work in the rice fields. Cars from Germany Cars manufactured in Germany are said to be of high quality given the technical skills possessed by the Germans. German cars stand out among other brands and they are made to perfection to give the owners the feeling of luxury. Their most famous brands include BMW, Audi, Porsche, Mercedes and Volkswagen. Even though their cars are expensive, people are committed to buy for prestige and the excellent quality. Germans are considered to be very serious and industrious. They are punctual and highly organized. Their business deals are rarely cancelled due to poor mistakes and failure to meet the required standards. They are also good technicians, a trait that is said to make certain Germans arrogant. These are stereotypes which work to the advantage of the Germans. They can easily access more customers because the cars produced are expected to be of high quality and they are bound to be punctual in delivering the cars once they are finished. Some say they are too academic, they have no sense of humor and are likely to give more business talk than social talk. However, they are helpful and are very dependable. To a certain extent, this could be good for business. Many businessmen are more likely to engage themselves in serious deals rather than keep cracking jokes and wasting time. This way, their car business can do quite well. Their days are always packed but when they do get a break they engage in a lot of eating junk food, meat and beer drinking which is why they are usually overweight. The Germans make use of other people to do the dirty work for them while they take the lighter duties of polishing the cars and finalizing the sale deals. These are negative stereotypes that can work against the German car business since stereotypical people are likely to discriminate against them for other cars from other companies. Since the majority of autoworkers they employ are low income earners, questions are raised as to why they do not pay them enough yet they get so much. Strategies to reduce negative effects Most of the negative stereotypes against Germans seem to be inclined towards their physical attributes. People tend to associate people who eat and drink much with poor performance. This is more so if they are overweight. However, this problem can be overcome by proving that one is as effective as the others. It does not mean that they are lazy and therefore they should work hard in order to show that their physical attributes do not affect their work. The Germans working in the car industry can also try to be more sensitive to their employees and pay them better wages. This way they can be satisfied with their work and promote the achievement of better results. Strategies to retain positive effects So as to retain the positive effects and continue promoting their cars, Germans should continue aiming for higher education and acquire more technical skills and knowledge to improve the quality of their work. Their aim should be to produce even better cars that will appeal to the customers. Their industrious nature should not be changed and there is need for their punctuality to be maintained. Germans have the advantage of being friendly and helpful, a trait that they can use to promote business since customers are more pleased when they are treated with care. In doing this, they should try to adopt a less serious look so as to effectively communicate with customers and close deals much easily. Word Count: 1929 Bibliography Anderman, Phillip, Economy of Asia: Pakistan and Bangladesh. China: Lulu Publishing, 2006. Avery, Michael, Efficient Marketing Tools. New York: John Wiley and sons. Reuters. Facts on Bangladesh Politics,† Reuters, August 5, 2006 Rehadzo, Mills, Stereotypying: A focus on several communities. London: Cengage Learning, 2000. Smith, Folley, Auto Industry in Germany. The Daily Mirror, February 19, 2003. Stewart Bill, Pira International. Packaging as an effective marketing tool. New York: CRC Press, 1996 Thomas, Michael. Gower Handbook of Marketing. Gower Publishing, Ltd. , 1995

Primary and secondary Data Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Primary and secondary Data - Essay Example With the transformation of the globe, various trends of globalization are paving the way for new business opportunities. The ease of getting access to information has significantly beefed up the level of competition that exists in the global markets. In order to gain advantage in this competition, it has become very necessary for the companies to undertake significant amount of research before the process of launching a new product or service in the market. The conduction of research helps in the process of estimating the needs as well as the demands of the market. About the company The company that has been considered in this case is California based Monster Energy Corporation. Talking about the company, it can be said that it is one of the leading marketer and distributor of various energy drinks and beverages. Some of the most popular brands under the product portfolio of the company are Monster Energy, Hansen’s, Peace Tea, Worx Energy, Blue Sky etc (Monster Energy Company, 2012). Talking about the market segmentation for the company’s products, the focus for the US markets mainly depends on the young audience. Also, the company’s products are segmented and targeted towards the masses of some of the foreign markets which are spread in the developing as well as the developed regions. In this case, it has been assumed that the company is trying to launch a new energy based drink for the US market. The speciality of the new product is that this energy drink is exclusively for the female audience. Hence, the audience that needs to be segmented in this case is mostly the young female population residing in the US. Different types of data and research methodology Market research is a very vast domain, which comprises different kinds of approaches, tools and techniques. While trying to conduct a market research, it needs to be highlighted that the data can be of two types. There can be primary or secondary data. Primary data are gathered by the researcher for the purpose of finding more relevant information for the project at hand (Burns and Bush, 2006, p. 146). On the contrary, secondary data are already available as some other researcher has actually collected or compiled the data for relevant usage in their respective project (Zikmund and Babin, 2007, p. 160). Now, while discussing the types of research methodology, it can be said that it can be either descriptive, exploratory or causal in nature. Descriptive research is conducted when the main objective is to describe market related characteristics. Exploratory research is done when the focus is to discover new insights in regards to the main research question. Causal research is done when the researcher wants to explore a particular cause and effect kind of a relationship (Malhotra and Dash, 2008, p. 81). 5 different types of secondary research The five different types of secondary research that are available to the researcher are: government publications, online dat abases, data from previous research available in various research papers and research magazines, published magazines, secondary data from syndicate organizations. Nature of Research required for the new product Taking into consideration the nature of the product, it can be appropriate to do a secondary research followed by a primary research to gauge the reaction of the consumers in regards to the

English 3 literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

English 3 literature - Essay Example This proverb has a close resemblance to Franklin’s proverb; a penny saved is a penny earned. The proverb means that if persons refrain from spending the little things they have, their small savings may add up to big things in the future. The proverb is applicable in numerous business situations whereby it emphasizes on the need to save little proceeds to amass a massive capital. Both of these proverbs are emphasizing on the need to save. They discourage unplanned expenditure for little possessions that a person may have, placing in focus the future goals. Expenditure without savings can lead to bankruptcy and eventually poverty. Nevertheless, if a person denies himself or herself a chance to spend today on unnecessary things, he or she may have greater benefits in the future. The proverbs reinforce the understanding that an investment starts with saving. A wise entrepreneur saves the little he or she possesses until there is a substantial capital to start a big